How (NOT) to Buy Mutual Funds

When it comes to mutual funds, there is a lot more to success than just finding a good one. Sad investment stories like the following are all too common. I hope my sharing it with you will help you avoid making the same devastating financial mistake one of my former clients made.

This story begins during the height of the investment madness in 2000, just prior to the bear market. I had been managing an IRA account for "Bob" for around six years, with a better than average record of success. So I was surprised when Bob sheepishly called in July, 2000 to let me know he was transferring his IRA account, which had done particularly well during our latest Buy cycle going into the year 2000.

However, his tax preparer, a long time personal friend of Bob's wife’s, was now also offering investment services, having recently received his Registered Representative’s license.

Fast forward to the end of September. It had become increasingly clear to me that the Bull market had run its course. So, in accordance with the Sell signal from our trend tracking methodology, we sold all of our mutual fund positions on October 13, 2000 and went 100% into money market. (See my article “How we eluded the Bear in 2000” at http://www.successful-investment.com/articles12.htm). From our safe haven we watched the market crash and burn, causing most other investors to sustain double digit losses eventually reaching as high as 50 - 60% of their assets.

In 2002 Bob unexpectedly stopped by my office. As it turned out, things had not gone well at all with his IRA investments. As most advisors would have done, his tax preparer/advisor had quickly moved all of Bob’s assets into a variety of “load funds.”

Of course, being newly licensed he was clueless (as were many licensed advisors) as to market behavior or analysis of any kind. The end result was that Bob’s portfolio lost in excess of 50% over the next 2 years. (Not to gloat, but my clients' losses in the same period were non-existent.)

Unfortunately, the degree of loss Bob sustained was experienced by many investors who did not follow a disciplined and methodical approach.

What I find particularly distasteful is that Bob's tax preparer misused his position of trust. He made financial decisions that he was not qualified to make, though his license implied that he did know enough to make them. So now we know what a piece of paper is worth.

This is no different than letting a newly graduated medical student with a fresh MD behind his name perform heart surgery. Or, hiring a new MBA grad to Chief Financial Officer of a Fortune 500 company. Yet the financial services industry allows someone to get a license (after a fairly short course) and to immediately start making incredibly important and far reaching financial decisions for anyone he or she can sell their service to.

This is a worrisome trend in this industry. A CPA friend confirmed that he has been approached many times by firms wanting him to offer investment services.

Why? It’s easy money! Accountants and tax professionals have a great business base. They are in a unique position of trust, because of the information their clients disclose to them. Whether they are employed by a company or they maintain an individual practice, there is probably no other person (other than your spouse) who knows as many intimate details of your financial life as your accountant/tax preparer.

To abuse this trust for personal gain—no matter how noble the motive may appear—is a total conflict of interest and a huge betrayal.

The bear market of 2000 has shown that investing must be a disciplined endeavor. Even most professionals have failed to recognize this. What busy accountant, in the middle of tax season, can put the necessary time and attention to a volatile investment market that may require action at a moment's notice?

As for Bob, he’s still with his accountant, and in the same investments that brought his portfolio down. He’s hoping for a miracle recovery. As of this writing, the stock market is engaged in something of an upswing and Bob, I'm sure, is getting his hopes up that he will recover some of his losses. However, I shudder to think that this rally may come to an end and the bear market resumes. Where will Bob be then?

At 58 years old Bob is still playing Russian roulette with his retirement. He's apparently unable to make a decision to move to someone who has the ability to make sense of market trends and the discipline to follow the signals they communicate. This is a decision that will have a profound affect on his financial future—and will determine whether his story has a happy or sad ending.

Ulli Niemann is an investment advisor and has been writing about objective, methodical approaches to investing for over 10 years. He eluded the bear market of 2000 and has helped countless of people make better investment decisions. To find out more about his approach and his FREE Newsletter, please visit: www.successful-investment.com; ulli@successful-investment.com

Going Global through Mutual Funds

There are more than 13500 different publicly traded companies in the world today, and there are over 700 more companies expected to go public within a year. In addition, every major developed country offers investors various bonds to invest in. All of this makes for a lot of different investments and plenty of choice. Investors can take advantage of this choice through a good global balanced fund that invests in bonds and stocks or a global equity fund that invests in stocks all around the world.

A global equity fund invests in stock markets around the world. These funds will have a portion of their investments invested in North America. Europe, and Asia. Some of these funds will own hundreds of securities in order to participate in the growth prospects of many firms while diversifying the risk associated with investing in different companies. A good global equity fund will be a foundation for a well-diversified mutual fund portfolio for almost any investor. Investors could consider including the AGF International Value Fund, the BPI Global Equity Fund, or the Fidelity International Portfolio Fund in their portfolios.

A global balanced fund is a fund that invests in both stock and bond markets around the world. These funds will also always have a portion of their investments invested in stock and bond markets located in North America, Europe, and Asia. They are more conservative than global equity funds because they invest in a combination of stocks and bonds, which affect the fund's performance. Over the long term these funds will provide a lower rate of return for investors but they will also exhibit a lot less risk than a global equity fund. They exhibit less risk because bonds are less volatile than stocks; they do not decline in value to the same magnitude or at the same time as global equity funds. A conservative investor should find a good global balanced fund that will serve as a good foundation for a diversified portfolio.

Tony Reed is the author of "Going global through mutual funds", please visit his website Mutual Funds & Stock Trading for more information.

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Mutual Funds and Their Risks

Investing in mutual funds is a relatively safe way of growing your net worth, but such investments are not entirely free of risks. Before you pick on any particular mutual fund for investment you should watch out for a few things.

Performance

The first thing you should look for is whether the mutual fund you are planning to invest in is outperforming or under-performing with respect to the market. Good and safe mutual funds are those that consistently outperform the market. Changes in the net asset values (NAVs) of such mutual funds are consistently one step ahead of the market. For example, if the index that measures market movements goes up, the NAV of most good and safe mutual funds will also move up at least as much as the market or even more than the market. On the other hand, when the market moves southwards, the NAV of most good and safe mutual funds will move down but such depreciation will be less than or at the most equal to the market’s downward movement. Unsafe or risky mutual funds are those where the opposite occurs – when the market moves up, the NAV of risky or unsafe mutual funds may move up less than the market and may even move down despite a bull run in the market. Such under-performing mutual funds should always be eschewed when taking an investment decision.

Churn and earn

The next thing to watch out for is whether the mutual fund is undergoing too much “churn and earn”. This means you have to check whether too many transactions by the mutual fund are resulting in higher fees or costs to the investor. In this context, the worst offenders are those mutual funds that have a lot of spurious churn. Every time a mutual fund buys or sells stocks, the broker or brokers it employs make a neat pile from the commissions. So, these brokers try to encourage a lot of churn or buying and selling of stocks by giving a kickback to the mutual fund manager. Although direct bribery is illegal, payment of soft money through a sponsored trip to Hawaii or letting the mutual fund manager have a swanky Wall Street office for $1 a month is not. The only loser in all this spurious churn is the investor, especially in cases where the small print says that the investor will have to pay the brokers’ fees as well.

Lack of clarity

Mutual Funds that have prospectus, annual reports or statements of additional information written in such a way that they are difficult to understand should also be avoided. The lack of clarity in their documents is almost a sure sign of lack of honesty in their dealings or a lack of competency in managing funds – both of which are strong reasons for avoiding them for investment purposes.

Risky and unsafe mutual funds are also characterised by having too many restrictions on how and when investors can sell or redeem their mutual fund shares. Mutual funds that have too long lock-in periods or those which slap a hefty exit load at the time of redemption should be eyed with suspicion and are likely to prove to be unsafe and risky.

Beware of scams

Finally, there are mutual funds that are outright scams. There have been reports of fund mangers selling stocks at prices other than what has been reported to the investor. For example, the fund manager may have sold stock at prices that prevailed before closing of the day’s trade although the investor is told that the transaction took place at closing prices which were lower. The manager then pockets the difference and with most such transactions involving large volumes, even a fractional price difference can lead to substantial gains for the manger. Again the only loser in all this is the investor who gets short-changed by the mutual fund operator!

Jason Hanson recommends you contact the Law Firm of Richardson, Patrick, Westbrook, and Brickman if you need a mutual funds attorney.